La palabra “Kremlin” es una palabra muy antigua. En el tiempo antiguo usaban esta palabra para designar la parte central fortificada de la ciudad, la ciudadela, o sea , la fortaleza. En los tiempos inquietos medievales las ciudades con frecuencia las asaltaban los pueblos vecinos guerreantes o las tribus migrantes. En este tiempo los habitantes de la ciudad se reunían para proteger la fortaleza. Los viejos y los niños se refugiaban dentro de los muros masivos y los que eran capaces de luchar y aguantar el peso de las armas en sus manos disparaban desde los muros por los enemigos.Según las excavaciones arqueológica efectuadas en lugar del primer Kremlin allí había un pueblo hace unos 4 mil años. Aquí fueron encontrados los trozos de la vajilla de barro, achas de piedra y también los cabos de las flechas. Estos objetos usaban los habitantes antiguos de esta tierra hace muchísimos años. Para la construcción del Kremlin fue escogido un lugar especial. El Kremlin fue construido en una colina alta rodeada por dos ríos , el Moscova y el Neglinnaya. Estos ríos se ven claramente visitando el centro de la ciudad durante el tour al kremlin antiguo. Situado en la ribera alta permitía divisar a los enemigos mucho antes y los ríos servían de obstáculos naturales durante la invasión. Primeramente el Kremlin era de madera. Entorno a sus muros fue echo un terraplén que daba más protección. Los restos de estas fortificaciones fueron encontrados durante los trabajos de la construcción ya en nuestros días. Se sabe que la primera muralla de madera en lugar del Kremlin fue construida en 1156 bajo la orden del príncipe Yuri de Brazos Largos. A principios del siglo XIV empezó a gobernar en la ciudad el Gran Príncipe Ivan el Monedero.
El príncipe Ivan el Monedero empezó a embellecer y fortalecer su ciudad. Mandó construir para el Kremlin las murallas nuevas. Fueron echas vigorosas murallas de roble. Durante el gobierno del siguiente gobernante de Moscú, Demetrio del Don- para el Kremlin fueron construidas las murallas nuevas de piedra. En el año 1367 empezó la construcción de las murallas nuevas de piedra blanca. Las construían de piedra caliza que extraían en la provincia de Moscú. Poco a poco las tierras rusas fueron unidas en el estado unido. Moscú se convirtió en su capital. Esto ocurrió en el gobierno del Gran Príncipe Ivan III. Ivan III reunió a los mejores arquitectos e invitó de la Italia lejana a los arquitectos como Rodolfo Fioravanti, Pietro Antonio Solari y otros arquitectos famosos. Y así bajo la dirección de los arquitectos italianos comenzó una nueva obra de construcción en la colina del Pinar. Para no dejar la ciudad sin protección los constructores construían la fortaleza por partes. Desarmando una parte de la fortaleza antigua y construyendo otra nueva en su lugar de ladrillo.
El Kremlin nuevo lo construían 10 años. Donde la tercera parte del Kremlin cavaron un foso que conectó dos ríos. Así el kremlin de MOSCÚ fue rodeado por los obstáculos de agua. Las torres del Kremlin las construían una después de otra, fueron echas las almenas para mejor protección.
Ya en tiempo de Pedro I en el territorio se construye el edificio de Arsenal. Pero después del traslado de la
capital a San Petesrburgo, dejaron de eregir nuevas construcciones.
Durante la invasión de Napoleón el Kremlin fue deteriorado mucho. Las iglesias fueron robadas, así los invasores mostraban su indignación. Retrocediendo volaron una parte de la muralla, de los edificios y de las torres. Durante el poder soviético en el territorio del Kremlin construyen el palacio de Congresos, instalan las estrellas en las torres, colocan en los pedestales el cañon-zar y la campana zarina y varias veces restauran las paredes del Kremlin y los edificios.
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